Logophoricity in Ibibio

Abstract

This paper presents a description and analysis of logophoric pronouns in Ibibio. I show that Ibibio logophors, although they behave in most respects like typical logophoric pronouns in West African languages, obey Shift Together like shifted indexicals. In order to explain this data I propose that Ibibio logophors are sensitive to two operators in the left periphery of the embedded CP: a shifting operator and a logophoric binding operator. Ibibio indexicals (which do not shift) differ in that they are defined to be insensitive to shifting operators. Thus indexical shift requires cooperation between the semantics of the indexical and of the shifting operator. This proposal in turn expands the predicted typology of possible de se pronouns cross-linguistically.